External signals are
usually fundamentally different from those the microcontroller understands
(Ones and Zeros), so that they have to be converted in order for the
microcontroller to understand them. An analogue to digital converter is an electronic circuit
which converts continuous signals to discrete digital numbers. This module is
therefore used to convert some analogue value into binary number and forwards
it to the CPU for further processing. In other words, this module is used for input pin voltage
measurement (analogue value). The result of measurement is a number (digital
value) used and processed later in the program.
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