Parallel connections between the
microcontroller and peripherals via input/output ports is the ideal solution for
shorter distances- up to several meters. However, in other cases - when it is necessary to
establish communication between
two devices on longer distances it is not possible to use a parallel connection - such a
simple solution is out of question. In these situations, serial communication is the best
solution.
Today, most microcontrollers have built in several different systems for serial communication as a standard equipment. Which of these systems will be used depends on many factors of which the most important are:
1.How many devices the microcontroller has to exchange data with?
2.How fast the data exchange has to be?
3.What is the distance between devices?
4.Is it necessary to send and receive data simultaneously?
One of the most
important things concerning serial communication is the Protocol which should be strictly observed. It is a set of rules which must be applied
in order that the
devices can correctly interpret data they mutually exchange. Fortunately, the
microcontrollers automatically take care of this, so the work of the
programmer/user is reduced to simple write (data to be sent) and read (received
data).
Baud Rate
The term Baud
rate is commonly used to
denote the number of bits
transferred per second [bps].
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